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Modern science has shown that the widely held beliefs of clinicians about urinary tract infection (UTI) are wrong. A large body of meticulous, rigorous data, from different centres around the world makes this point. How can it be that doctors continue to practise in contradiction of what we now know? A few clinicians are now changing their approach with gratifying results so it is timely to encourage others to do likewise. Clinical guidelines have achieved such influence that most doctors feel compelled to follow them and may face censure if they do not. Regrettably the guidelines are mistaken and contradict the known science. The inertia of bureaucracy and the fear of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) do not help to encourage reflection. However, things are changing and the future should see new and better informed advice. It is a tragedy that these circumstances are leading to widespread suffering amongst many women, some men and children who experience untreated or inadequately treated infection that may plague them for years. This situation has to change. This book sets out the truth about this neglected field and explains the many errors that haunt the topic. The style makes the message accessible to all clinicians. The story is convincing, because the clinical stories that illustrate the text will be so familiar to practising clinicians, who have been baffled by their experiences. Above all, this book will help you and your patients by detailing an accessible, practical approach to resolving this difficult clinical problem in common practice. The scope of the book will cover: the history of the medicine of urinary tract infection (UTI); the urinary microbiome and what the microbes are really up to; the battles between the pathogens and the innate immune system; the truth about the tests and the criteria used to define UTI; antimicrobial resistance and the importance of Darwinian evolution; the science and ground-breaking research on UTIs; the use of antibiotics; successful treatment; supportive and other related treatments; ethics; the future; and, above all, the experiences of the patients. James Malone-Lee is an Emeritus Professor of Medicine at University College London (UCL). For 37 years as a clinical scientist at UCL he studied lower urinary tract symptoms. His research group made discoveries that challenged numerous strongly held beliefs about lower urinary tract disease, particularly infection. For many years this new knowledge was rejected by many, but in the wake of corroborative evidence from others around the world, this new thinking is becoming more widely accepted.

Patients with difficult airways represent a clinical conundrum for anaesthetists. With a wide variety of presentations in both an elective and emergency setting, all anaesthetists need to be prepared to manage such a situation. This book consists of real life clinical scenarios, describing how these were managed at the time and on reflection how their management could have been improved. Further discussion emphasises how any associated failures and complications could have been mitigated. Using a combination of up to date knowledge, advanced technology and clinical expertise, this book provides an invaluable resource for any specialist managing airways in a clinical environment. This book is an indispensable aide mémoire for postgraduate doctors, physicians practising in the emergency department, intensive care specialists, anaesthesia associates and allied healthcare professionals in managing patients with a difficult airway.

This is the 2nd edition of Key Questions in Cardiac Surgery, which has become the must read book for all cardiac surgical practitioners and is part of the revolutionary 'Key Questions' series of cardiothoracic surgical textbooks, including Key Questions in Thoracic Surgery and Key Questions in Congenital Cardiac Surgery. The 1st edition was an international best-selling cardiac surgical textbook, for many years being the most popular cardiac surgical book on amazon, with amazing feedback and reviews. It also received a Highly Commended Award at the British Medical Association (BMA) Medical Book Awards and has been placed on the US Thoracic Surgery Directors Association (TSDA) recommended reading list for American cardiothoracic surgery residents and fellows. Key Questions in Cardiac Surgery provides a systematic overview of the important topics in contemporary adult cardiac surgical practice. The text is evidence-based, incorporating current literature and has been updated from the 1st edition with the most recent American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology guidelines. This illustrated concise text is a practical and clinically focused book that covers all the key questions in cardiac surgery. Additional chapters on statistics and pulmonary embolism have been included, with the main chapters having been updated describing contemporary surgical techniques and management philosophies. Whilst being an ideal reference for cardiac surgical trainees and residents, especially when undertaking their cardiothoracic surgery board examinations, this book is also of great value to other specialties involved in the care of cardiac surgical patients, including cardiologists, cardiothoracic intensivists, nurses and physiotherapists. Here are just a few of the reviews on the 1st edition: “Although this book is aimed at cardiac surgical trainees and residents, the authors’ refreshing approach of posing questions and answers as a teaching tool makes this a joy to read for someone who has been practising cardiac surgery for over 30 years. It is beautifully presented with exceptionally clear diagrams interposed with photographs, a combination which works well. Overall, this is an exceptionally well produced book which is a delight to read and is likely to run to several more editions.” Professor of Cardiac Surgery, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK on behalf of the British Journal of Cardiology “I recommend this book for cardiac surgery trainees, fully fledged surgeons, and also for other medical practitioners wanting a brief and precise overview into our speciality, without having to pick up heavy textbooks and spend precious time searching for information.” Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology "The title of this book Key Questions in Cardiac Surgery is appropriate since it covers systematically all questions asked in examinations or during the ward round. It is written in a question/answer format which makes it interesting to read. The illustrations are very good. The diagrams have been made in such a way that they provide a surgeon’s view. This book is based on the guidelines issued by the American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology, and incorporates facts based on current scientific literature. Each chapter has a list of key scientific references for further reading. We would recommend this book as a companion for all cardiac surgery and cardiology trainees, perfusionists and cardiac anaesthesiologists. Overall, this book provides a practical and new approach to understand adult cardiac surgery." Professor of Cardiac Surgery & Editor in Chief on behalf of the Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery "A wonderful book. I have been looking for such a book for a very long time. It gives a global view on all aspects of adult cardiac surgery with emphasis on the important points. It is written in a very smooth and easy way. Its size is perfect so it can be carried everywhere. In my opinion, it is a must have book if one is preparing for the speciality exam. Junior and senior trainees will also find it helpful during their career." Waterstones review “...it is a definite 'must have' for all cardiac surgery trainees. It not only covers practical issues but also those areas that are favourites of examiners! It will also be of use to those experienced cardiac surgeons who have to take recertification exams (in the US) or for those who are simply looking for questions (and the answers) to throw out on ward rounds!” Amazon review “What a fantastic book that covers all the important topics for everyday practice in cardiac surgery. It answers all the questions asked on a ward round and also the exams, and is perfect to read between cases or whilst on call. The book is written in a concise, structured and easy to read manner. The best part of the book is its colour illustrations, and the text!!! They seem to have been drawn from a surgical perspective and beautifully illustrate the important features when operating. On top of that, the book has hundreds of cardiac investigations images that demonstrate all the different pathologies.” Amazon review “Covering all aspects of cardiothoracic surgery by highlighting the most important details, for sure it can be the guide for every cardiothoracic trainee. Easy to read and understand, perfect illustrations and full of secrets and details that only experienced surgeons would be aware off.” Amazon review “This is an amazing book. It is the only text I came across that puts all the important information in one place without having to dig around the internet or several textbooks. The book is very well written with a simple question and answer style that also lends itself to reading in small segments as well as concentrated revision. It comprehensively covers the basic sciences, cardiac investigations, cardiopulmonary bypass, cardiac surgical diseases and the postoperative management of these patients. It answers all the questions that are asked in the operating room, on rounds or in an oral examination. Unlike other revision texts, this book has an amazing array of colour images, both illustrations and real radiology/cardiology investigations which help to explain the key concepts. Surgical anatomy and technique is clearly demonstrated. The book also has a fantastic collection of all the seminal publications important for contemporary cardiac practice, especially in the coronary artery disease and heart failure chapters. It also includes all the up to date American and European guidelines, including the recently published ESC coronary revascularisation recommendations.” Amazon review

Following on from the success of the international bestseller Key Questions in Cardiac Surgery, the long awaited Key Questions in Congenital Cardiac Surgery will be the latest book in the Key Questions series to be released. Key Questions in Congenital Cardiac Surgery will systematically cover all the main topics involved in the current practice of a congenital cardiac surgeon. It will incorporate current guidelines for practice (such as from the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, British Paediatric Cardiac Association and European Society of Cardiology) and up-to-date information based on current literature. Each chapter will be structured to include the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, indications for surgery, peri-operative management, surgical options and postoperative care. Possible complications will be discussed and the results of current practice presented. Importantly, there will be a section on basic sciences related to the practising congenital cardiac surgeon and a further section on congenital cardiac investigations with many images illustrating the variety of pathologies. Each chapter will also contain important references for further reading and greater depth of knowledge. The data and body of knowledge presented in this book is strictly evidence-based and is relevant to all congenital cardiac surgical trainees, at any stage of their training programme. It will provide residents, fellows and specialist registrars the necessary information to carry out their daily duties. Congenital cardiologists and pediatric cardiac intensive care unit specialists will also find the book useful in terms of the indications and surgical management of these patients, as they are integral to the congenital cardiac surgical process. Another important group is the nursing staff, physiotherapists and other professions allied to medicine working with patients with congenital cardiac disease either pre-operatively or postoperatively, as it will help to give a detailed understanding of the principles surrounding congenital cardiac surgical disease. Most importantly, the book is ideal as a revision aid for residents/registrars undertaking their Cardiothoracic Surgery Board examinations around the world. Although these examinations vary in format in different countries, this book is applicable to all cardiothoracic surgical trainees. Its concise, yet complete coverage of the important topics, make it the ideal guide to answer the key questions in congenital cardiac surgery that are asked within the confines of an examination.